Pantaenus biography of abraham

Pantaenus

Greek Christian theologian (died c. )

Saint Pantaenus the Philosopher (Greek: Πάνταινος; died c. )[4] was a Greektheologian and a significant figure in the Catechetical School of Alexandria from around AD This school was the earliest catechetical school, and became influential in the development of Christian theology.

Biography

Pantaenus was a Stoic philosopher teaching in Alexandria. He was a native of Sicily.[5] He converted to the Christian faith, and sought to reconcile his new faith with Greek philosophy.

His most famous student, Clement,[6] who was his successor as head of the Catechetical College, described Pantaenus as "the Sicilian bee".[7] Although no writings by Pantaenus are extant,[8] his legacy is known by the affect of the Catecheticaar in the early debates on the translation of the Bible, the Trinity, and Christology.

He was the main supporter of Serapion of Antioch for acting against the influence of Gnosticism.

Second-century Christian author. The scanty knowledge about Pantaenus comes primarily from eusebius, who stated Hist. Previously, although Eusebius reported this only as tradition, he had been a zealous missionary and had reached India i. Matthew in Hebrew Aramaic which they had received from St.

In addition to his work as a mentor, Eusebius of Caesarea reports that Pantaenus was for a hour a missionary,[9] traveling as far as India where, according to Eusebius, he found Christian communities using the Gospel of Matthew written in "Hebrew letters", supposedly left them by the Apostle Bartholomew (and which might own been the Gospel of the Hebrews).[10][11] However, some writers possess suggested that having difficulty with the language of Saint Thomas Christians, Pantaenus misinterpreted their reference to Mar Thoma (the Aramaic term meaning Saint Thomas), who is currently credited with bringing Christianity to India in the 1st century[12][13] by the Syrian Churches, as Bar Tolmai (the Hebrew name of Bartholomew).

The ancient seaport Muziris on the Malabar Coast (modern-day Kerala in India) was frequented by the Egyptians in the early centuries AD.[14]

Saint Jerome (c. – 30 September ), apparently relying entirely on Eusebius' evidence from Historia Ecclesiastica, wrote that Pantaenus visited India, “to preach Christ to the Brahmans and philosophers there.”[15] It is unlikely that Jerome has any information about Pantaenus' mission to India that is independent of Eusebius.

On the other hand, his claim that "many" of Pantaenus' Biblical commentaries were still extant is probably based on Jerome's own facts.

His feast day as July 7.[2][16][3]

The Copticsynaxarium mentions "Pantaenus and Clement" in its entry regarding the return of the relics of St Mark the Apostle by Pope Paul VI of Rome on 15 Paoni[17][18][19] but does not assign Pantaenus any specific feast date.

19th century and modern study on Pantaenus

The Universalist Church of America historian J. W. Hanson, and Catholic patristic scholar Illaria Ramelli argued that Pantaenus taught universalism to Clement of Alexandria and Origen[20][21] However, scholar Andrew C.

Itter argues that Clement of Alexandria's supposed "universalism" had tension between salvation and free will,[22] and that he may have not embraced a strict apokatastasis. Which puts the claim of J.

W. Hanson and Illaria Ramelli at question.

References

  1. ^"Orthodox Calendar.

    This school was the earliest catechetical school, and became influential in the development of Christian theology. Pantaenus was a Stoic philosopher teaching in Alexandria. He was a native of Sicily. His most famous student, Clement[ 6 ] who was his successor as head of the Catechetical School, described Pantaenus as "the Sicilian bee".

    Holy Trinity Russian Orthodox Church, a parish of the Patriarchate of Moscow". .

  2. ^ ab"Saint Pantaenus, Father of the Church. July 7. Rev. Alban Butler. Volume VII: July.

    As he was succeeded by Clement who left Alexandria aboutthe probable date of his death would be about He was trained in the Stoic philosophy; as a Christian missionary, he reached India probably South Arabiaand establish there Christians possessing the Gospel of St. Matthew in Hebrew, which they had received from St. In its favor are the facts that the instructor was met in Egyptand that Pantaenus endeavored to press the Greek philosophers into the service of Christianity.

    The Lives of the Saints". .

  3. ^ ab"Saint Pantaenus, Doctor of the Church and Apostle to the Indies".
  4. ^"As he was succeeded by Clement who left Alexandria about , the probable date of his death would be about " (Catholic Encyclopedia)
  5. ^Alban Butler; Paul Burns.

    Butler's Lives of the Saints, Volume 7. A&C Black. p.&#;

  6. ^Cf. Article "Clement of Alexandria" in the St. Thomas Christian Encyclopaedia of India, Ed. George Menachery, Vol. II, , p.
  7. ^Clement, Stromata,
  8. ^Although Lightfoot (Apost.

    He, the true, the Sicilian bee gathering the spoil of the flowers of the prophetic and apostolic meadow, engendered in the souls of hearers a deathless element of knowledge. Pantaenus is the earliest teacher whose name has been preserved from the Catechetical School in Alexandria. He was converted Stoic philosopher who may have been a Hebrew originally from Palestine. According to Eusebius, he went on a missionary journey to India in A.

    Fathers, ), and Batiffol (L'église naissante, 3rd ed., ff) attribute the concluding passages of the Epistle to Diognetius to Pantaeus; see "Pantaenus" in The Westminster Dictionary of Christian History, ed. Jerald Brauer.

  9. ^Cf.

    Article "Christian Influences on Hinduism before the European Period" by P. Thomas in the St. Thomas Christian Encyclopaedia of India, Vol. II, , pp. et. sq.

  10. ^Church History by Eusebius. Book V Chapter Pantaenus the Philosopher.
  11. ^Article by S.

    S. Koder, "History of the Jews in Kerala", in the St. Thomas Christian Encyclopaedia of India, Vol. II, , pp. ff.

  12. ^The Encyclopedia of Christianity, Volume 5 by Erwin Fahlbusch. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing.

    p. ISBN&#;

  13. ^The Jews of India: A Story of Three Communities by Orpa Slapak.

    Pantaenus - Wikipedia: Saint Pantaenus the Philosopher (Greek: Πάνταινος; died c. ) [4] was a Greek theologian and a significant figure in the Catechetical University of Alexandria from around AD This school was the earliest catechetical school, and became leading in the development of Christian theology.

    The Israel Museum, Jerusalem. p. ISBN&#;

  14. ^Cyclopaedia of India and of Eastern and Southern Asia. Ed. by Edward Balfour (), Second Edition.

    Pantaenus, head of the Catechetical School of Alexandria about (Eusebius, “Hist. eccl.”, V, x), still alive in (Eusebius, “Chron.” Abr., ). As he was succeeded by Clement who left Alexandria about , the probable date of his death would be about

    Volume 2. p.

  15. ^De viris illustribus 36
  16. ^"Pantaenus, St. | ".
  17. ^"Paona 15&#;: Lives of Saints&#;: Synaxarium – ".
  18. ^Egypt, Michael Ghaly. "15 Baounah – Paonah Month – Coptic Synaxarium (Coptic Orthodox Calendar: Daily Synaxarion) &#; St.

    ". .

  19. ^"The Blessed Month of Baounah". .
  20. ^Ramelli, Illaria. The Christian Doctrine of Apokatastasis. pp.&#;–
  21. ^J.

    Pantaenus is the earliest teacher whose name has been preserved from the Catechetical School in Alexandria. He was converted Stoic philosopher who may have been a Hebrew originally from Palestine. According to Eusebius, he went on a missionary journey to India in A.D.

    W. Hanson. Universalism: The Prevailing Doctrine of the Christian Church p. 49 "Pantænus was martyred AD The Universalism of Clement, Origen and their successors must, beyond question, have been taught by their great predecessor, Pantænus, and there is every reason to believe that the Alexandrine school had never established any contrary teaching from its foundation"

  22. ^Itter, Andrew C.

    Esoteric training in the Stromateis of Clement of Alexandria p. " universal salvation and hinges on the tension between an individual soul's freedom to refuse the chastisements of God, universal capacity to save all things.

    It is a tension between the soul's autonomy and universal salvation"

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